At-Risk in Primary Care

Risk Factors and Warning Signs for Mental Health Disorders

Risk factors for mental health disorders include:

  • Exposure to trauma
  • A severe or chronic medical condition
  • Exposure to life stressors, such as job or financial loss
  • Prior history or family history of mental health disorders
  • Death or illness of a loved one

Warning signs for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) include:

  • Exposure to trauma
  • Insomnia/sleep disturbances
  • Hyper-vigilance
  • Distracted/restless/detached
  • Avoidance of social activities
  • Avoidance of trauma reminders
  • Flashbacks
  • Irritability/angry outbursts
  • Use of drugs and alcohol to relax
  • Feelings of guilt
  • Being easily startled

Warning signs for depression include:

  • Drastic changes in appetite
  • Excessive weight loss/gain
  • Exhaustion/lethargy
  • Insomnia/excessive sleeping
  • Loss of interest in activities
  • Persistent sadness/stress
  • Hopelessness/helplessness
  • Visible tearfulness
  • Withdrawal from friends and family

Warning signs for substance use disorders include:

  • Injuries
  • Use of substances to manage difficult feelings
  • Difficulty meeting obligations
  • Poor hygiene
  • Frequent headaches, nausea, pain, or heart palpitations
  • Drug-seeking behavior
  • Missed appointments
  • Signs of being under the influence

Warning signs for Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) include:

  • Insomnia/sleep disturbances
  • Excessive worry
  • Fidgeting, restlessness
  • Digestive problems
  • Excessive sweating, chills, or shaking
  • Frequent appointments
  • Substance use to reduce anxiety